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Multidirectional Characterization of Phytochemical Profile and Health-Promoting Effects of Ziziphora bungeana Juz. Extracts

Summary

Ziziphora bungeana, a traditional medicinal plant from Kazakhstan, was studied for its health benefits. Scientists found it contains powerful plant compounds that fight bacteria and fungal infections, especially those causing skin problems. The extracts work similarly to commercial skin-lightening agents and show promise for treating infections and skin conditions without significant harm to healthy cells.

Background

Ziziphora species from the Lamiaceae family have been used in traditional medicine as sedatives, antiseptics, carminatives, and expectorants. Despite their common applications in phytotherapy, there is limited evidence about the composition of their extracts and their impact on biological properties. This study focuses on Ziziphora bungeana, a less studied species growing in Kazakhstan.

Objective

To evaluate the phytochemical content of Ziziphora bungeana extracts using HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS and determine their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic activities, along with tyrosinase inhibitory properties and toxicity in erythrocyte lysis assays.

Results

Twenty-six compounds were identified including flavonoids, phenolic acids, organic acids, and terpenes. Z. bungeana extracts showed stronger antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (MIC 1.25-10 mg/mL) than Gram-negative bacteria and fungi (MIC 5-20 mg/mL). EC50 values for antiradical activity ranged from 13.21-15.00 µg/mL. Extracts decreased tyrosinase activity by 50% at 200 µg/mL, comparable to kojic acid, with selective cytotoxicity for melanoma cells but no hemolytic effects.

Conclusion

Z. bungeana extracts demonstrate potential applications in treating infectious diseases, disorders caused by free radicals, and skin problems including hyperpigmentation. The plant shows antimicrobial and antioxidant properties without significant toxicity to normal cells, supporting its safe use in therapeutic and cosmetic applications.
  • Published in:Molecules,
  • Study Type:Experimental Study,
  • Source: 10.3390/molecules27248994, PMID: 36558125
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