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FTIR Characterization and Bioactivity Assessment of Cinnamomum camphora Essential Oil: Antioxidant, Anti-Enzymatic, and Antifungal Properties Against Phytopathogens

Summary

Camphor tree essential oil has been studied for its ability to fight fungal diseases that harm crops and its potential health benefits. The research found that this natural oil completely stops the growth of several harmful fungi at high concentrations, making it a promising eco-friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides. The oil also showed antioxidant properties and may help regulate blood sugar levels, suggesting uses in both agriculture and medicine.

Background

Cinnamomum camphora (camphor tree) essential oils have been traditionally used in Asian herbal medicine and contain bioactive compounds like camphor, cineole, and borneol. However, their full bioactivity scope against phytopathogens remains underexplored. Plant-derived essential oils offer sustainable alternatives to synthetic fungicides due to their biodegradability and low toxicity.

Objective

This study investigates the antioxidant, antifungal, and anti-enzymatic activities of Cinnamomum camphora essential oil using FTIR spectroscopy and multiple bioactivity assays. The research aims to evaluate the oil’s potential as a biopharmaceutical agent and eco-compatible fungicide against common phytopathogens.

Results

The essential oil demonstrated moderate antioxidant activity with FRAP value of 12.5 mmol Fe(II)/g. Complete mycelial growth inhibition was achieved against Monilinia laxa, M. fructicola, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and Botrytis cinerea at 10,000 ppm. MIC values were 7000 ppm for M. laxa and 8000 ppm for C. gloeosporioides. The oil showed promising antidiabetic effects with IC50 values of 7.8 mg/mL for α-amylase and 2.78 mg/mL for α-glucosidase.

Conclusion

Cinnamomum camphora essential oil possesses diverse biological properties including significant antifungal activity against economically important phytopathogens. The synergistic effects of its terpenoid constituents make it a valuable candidate for integrated pest management and pharmaceutical applications. Further research should optimize extraction methods and evaluate in vivo efficacy for practical agricultural and healthcare applications.
  • Published in:Chemistry & Biodiversity,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research Study,
  • Source: 10.1002/cbdv.202500720, PMID: 40522779
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