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Oestrogen Detoxification Ability of White Rot Fungus Trametes hirsuta LE-BIN 072: Exoproteome and Transformation Product Profiling

Summary

Scientists discovered that a white rot fungus called Trametes hirsuta can effectively remove harmful oestrogen hormones from water and soil. Within just one day, the fungus eliminated more than 90% of two common oestrogens (E1 and E2) that pollute our environment through pharmaceutical waste and animal farming. The fungus achieves this by producing special enzymes that couple oestrogen molecules together into larger, less harmful compounds that can be easily removed.

Background

White rot fungi, particularly Trametes species, are effective degraders of xenobiotics including oestrogens (endocrine-disrupting phenolic steroids) that contaminate aquatic environments at alarming levels. Oestrone (E1) and 17β-oestradiol (E2) are naturally occurring oestrogens widely distributed through anthropogenic sources including pharmaceutical waste, agricultural use, and human/animal excretion.

Objective

To investigate the biotransformation capability of Trametes hirsuta LE-BIN 072 in transforming oestrone (E1) and 17β-oestradiol (E2), and to characterize the fungal exoproteome during oestrogen transformation with detailed analysis of transformation products.

Results

Over 90% of E1 and E2 were removed within 24 hours of cultivation. The primary transformation pathway involved radical oxidative coupling producing less toxic dimers and various metabolites. Three ligninolytic peroxidases (MnP5, MnP7, VP2) were identified as key enzymes in the exoproteome on day 3, coinciding with maximum enzyme activity. Minor metabolites including estriol (E3) were detected, and bidirectional conversion between E1 and E2 was demonstrated.

Conclusion

T. hirsuta LE-BIN 072 demonstrates excellent potential as a mycodetoxicant for phenolic steroids in aquatic environments, removing oestrogens through enzymatic detoxification rather than complete degradation. The ligninolytic peroxidases, particularly MnP5, MnP7, and VP2, play crucial roles in extracellular oestrogen transformation into less toxic dimeric products.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi,
  • Study Type:Experimental Study,
  • Source: PMID: 39590714, DOI: 10.3390/jof10110795
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