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Essential Oils as an Antifungal Alternative to Control Several Species of Fungi Isolated from Musa paradisiaca: Part III

Summary

This research tested how essential oils from common cooking herbs like oregano, thyme, and cinnamon can prevent fungal diseases on bananas after harvest. Scientists identified five different fungi causing banana rot, then tested six plant-based oils at different strengths to see which ones worked best. Thyme oil was most effective, completely stopping fungal growth at the highest concentration tested. These natural oils could replace harsh chemical fungicides while being safer for people and the environment.

Background

Banana production faces significant postharvest challenges from fungal diseases including crown rot and fruit decay caused by species such as Fusarium and Colletotrichum. Traditional synthetic fungicides raise concerns about environmental impact, resistance development, and health risks. Essential oils from aromatic plants have emerged as promising natural antifungal agents containing bioactive compounds like carvacrol, eugenol, and cinnamaldehyde.

Objective

This study evaluated the antifungal potential of essential oils from six plant species (oregano, rosemary, clove, thyme, cinnamon, and basil) against five fungal species isolated from infected banana peels. The research aimed to assess in vitro and ex vivo antifungal efficacy as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fungicides in postharvest banana management.

Results

Thyme oil exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect with complete growth suppression at 1000 ppm. Cinnamon and oregano demonstrated effective inhibition at 600 ppm, while clove, rosemary, and basil were less effective. Molecular analysis confirmed isolate identification with bootstrap values above 93% in most clades, and statistical analysis confirmed significant effects of oil type and concentration on fungal growth (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Specific essential oils, particularly thyme, cinnamon, and oregano, demonstrate selective antifungal efficacy against banana postharvest pathogens and support their use as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fungicides. The molecularly supported identification provides a basis for targeted application of essential oils in integrated control strategies for postharvest banana disease management.
  • Published in:Microorganisms,
  • Study Type:In vitro and ex vivo experimental study,
  • Source: 10.3390/microorganisms13071663
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