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Graphene nanomaterials: A new frontier in preventing respiratory fungal infections

Summary

Graphene nanomaterials, especially nano-graphene oxide, show promise as new treatments for serious lung fungal infections that particularly threaten people with weakened immune systems. These tiny materials work by generating damaging reactive oxygen species that kill fungal cells and prevent biofilm formation. Unlike traditional antifungal drugs, nano-graphene oxide can be delivered directly to infected lung tissue via inhalation, delivering medicine exactly where needed while reducing harmful side effects throughout the body.

Background

Fungal respiratory infections represent a major cause of mortality in immunocompromised patients, with Aspergillus species being particularly prevalent. Traditional antifungal treatments have limitations including systemic side effects, low bioavailability, and emerging drug resistance. Nano-graphene oxide (NGO) has emerged as a promising alternative with notable antifungal properties.

Objective

This review article aims to examine the anti-pathogenic properties of nano-graphene oxide, with a focus on its antifungal mechanisms and its role in preventing biofilm formation associated with pulmonary fungal infections.

Results

NGO demonstrates potent antifungal activity through multiple mechanisms including oxidative stress, nano-knife effects, membrane disruption, and biofilm inhibition. Surface modification of NGO enhances biocompatibility and targeted delivery. NGO-based drug delivery systems show improved efficacy at reduced doses with minimal side effects compared to conventional antifungal agents.

Conclusion

Nano-graphene oxide represents a promising therapeutic platform for treating respiratory fungal infections, particularly when administered via pulmonary inhalation. Further research is needed to optimize formulations, understand complete mechanisms of action, and address safety concerns to translate these findings into clinical applications.
  • Published in:Current Medical Mycology,
  • Study Type:Review,
  • Source: 41122125
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