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Taxonomic characterization and cytotoxic potential of Vietnamese Ganoderma ellipsoideum against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells

Summary

Scientists discovered a mushroom species called Ganoderma ellipsoideum in Vietnam that shows promise in fighting breast cancer. When tested on cancer cells in the laboratory, extracts from this mushroom killed cancer cells effectively. Computer modeling showed that compounds from this mushroom fit perfectly into and block proteins that help cancer cells grow and spread. This discovery suggests the mushroom could be a natural source for developing new cancer drugs.

Background

Ganodermataceae species possess significant pharmacological properties including anticancer and anti-breast cancer effects. Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women globally. G. ellipsoideum, first discovered in China, has not been previously characterized from Vietnam.

Objective

This study aimed to identify and classify G. ellipsoideum from Vietnam using morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis, and evaluate its cytotoxic potential against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells through in vitro assays and molecular docking studies.

Results

Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the Vietnamese specimen as G. ellipsoideum with 90% bootstrap and 1.00 posterior probability support. The ethyl acetate fraction showed the strongest cytotoxic activity with IC50 of 171.13 ± 3.76 μg/mL. Molecular docking demonstrated strong binding affinities of triterpenoid compounds (applanoxidic acid F, gibbosicolid D) to HPA, MELK, CK2α, and NUDT5 proteins.

Conclusion

G. ellipsoideum is newly recorded in Vietnam and demonstrates promising anticancer potential against breast cancer cells. The triterpenoid compounds showed strong binding affinities to key breast cancer-related proteins, suggesting potential as sources for anticancer drug development.
  • Published in:PLoS One,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: PMID: 41237100, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0336024
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