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Hypoglycemic Effect of Pleurotus citrinopileatus and Hericium erinaceus Buccal Tablets on Diabetic Mice

Summary

Researchers created special tablets from two edible mushrooms (yellow oyster mushroom and lion’s mane) enriched with trace elements (chromium, zinc, germanium) to treat diabetes in mice. After three weeks of treatment, the high-dose tablets reduced blood sugar levels by 29%, improved cholesterol levels, boosted the body’s natural antioxidant defenses, and shifted the gut bacteria toward beneficial types that support metabolic health. These results suggest that mushroom-based treatments could potentially offer a natural way to help manage diabetes.

Background

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting 537 million patients globally with an incidence of 10.5% in 2021. Edible mushrooms have garnered attention for their medicinal properties including hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and immunomodulatory effects. Trace elements like chromium, zinc, and germanium play pivotal roles in glucose homeostasis and insulin signaling.

Objective

This study aimed to optimize the concentrations of chromium, zinc, and germanium in liquid fermentation media of Pleurotus citrinopileatus and Hericium erinaceus, prepare buccal tablets from these mushrooms, and evaluate their hypoglycemic efficacy in type 2 diabetic mice.

Results

Optimal trace element concentrations were identified for both mushroom species. High-dose tablet administration reduced blood glucose by 29.1%, decreased total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol while increasing HDL-cholesterol and antioxidant enzyme activities (CAT 31.2%, SOD 34.1%). Tablets increased beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus, Akkermansia, Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcus) and suppressed diabetogenic taxa (Prevotella, Desulfovibrio, Enterococcus).

Conclusion

Buccal tablets combining P. citrinopileatus and H. erinaceus treated with chromium, zinc, and germanium significantly ameliorated hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and reshaped gut microbiota in diabetic mice. These findings demonstrate the potential of edible mushroom-based trace element complexes as natural adjuvants for diabetes management.
  • Published in:Biology (Basel),
  • Study Type:Animal Study (In vivo Experimental),
  • Source: PMID: 41300379, DOI: 10.3390/biology14111591
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