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Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Acute Liver Failure: A Real-World Study in Mexico

Summary

Acute liver failure is a serious medical emergency where the liver suddenly stops working properly. This study found that a treatment called therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), which filters the blood to remove harmful substances, significantly improved survival rates in liver failure patients treated in a Mexican hospital. Patients receiving TPE had a 92% survival rate at 30 days compared to only 50% in those receiving standard treatment alone, even though the TPE group had more severe cases at the start.

Background

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening condition with high mortality in non-transplant candidates. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) has emerged as a promising intervention for removing inflammatory mediators and toxic metabolites. Data on TPE efficacy in ALF patients in Latin America are limited.

Objective

This real-world study aimed to compare 30-day survival outcomes between patients receiving standard medical treatment (SMT) alone and those receiving SMT plus TPE in Mexico.

Results

At 30 days, survival was significantly greater in the TPE group (92%) than in the SMT group (50%, p=0.02). The greatest survival benefit was observed in patients with Grade 4 encephalopathy. ICU stay was longer in the TPE group, reflecting complexity of ALF management.

Conclusion

TPE significantly improves 30-day survival in ALF patients compared with SMT alone, supporting its role as adjunct therapy. Further prospective studies are needed to refine patient selection and optimize treatment protocols for this critically ill population.
  • Published in:Healthcare (Basel),
  • Study Type:Real-World Observational Study,
  • Source: PMID: 40868675, DOI: 10.3390/healthcare13162059
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