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Prevalence of Tinea pedis in military personnel: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Summary

Athlete’s foot is a common fungal infection affecting military personnel at rates around 17% globally. Military environments create perfect conditions for this infection through close living quarters, humidity from sweat and boots, and shared facilities. The study found that regions with hot, humid climates have higher infection rates, and proper diagnosis using both microscopy and culture tests is important for accurate detection. Improved hygiene, better-designed footwear, and access to antifungal treatments can significantly reduce infection rates in military settings.

Background

Tinea pedis, commonly known as athlete’s foot, is a fungal infection caused by dermatophytes affecting the feet. Military personnel are particularly vulnerable due to unique environmental and behavioral factors including close quarters, humid conditions, and prolonged wear of tight, non-breathable footwear.

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the global prevalence of tinea pedis among military personnel and explore factors contributing to its high occurrence in this population.

Results

Twenty-five studies involving military personnel from different regions were included. The pooled prevalence of tinea pedis was estimated at 17% (95% CI: 12-23%). Subgroup analysis revealed highest prevalence in the Americas and Australia (22% and 20% respectively) with hot, humid climates, while Europe showed lowest prevalence (15%). Studies using both microscopy and fungal culture reported higher prevalence (20%) compared to microscopy alone (9%).

Conclusion

Tinea pedis remains a significant health concern among military personnel with a global prevalence of 17%. Military environments characterized by high physical activity, shared living conditions, and poor foot hygiene practices exacerbate fungal infection risk. Preventive strategies including improved foot hygiene, better footwear design, and enhanced access to antifungal treatments are essential.
  • Published in:BMC Public Health,
  • Study Type:Meta-analysis,
  • Source: 10.1186/s12889-025-24308-5; PMID: 40993673
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