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Biodiversity of Bacteria Associated with Eight Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) P. Kumm. Strains from Poland, Japan and the USA

Summary

Oyster mushrooms grown in different parts of the world carry diverse communities of bacteria living inside or on their cells. Researchers identified over 34 different types of bacteria in eight oyster mushroom strains from Poland, Japan, and the USA. These bacteria likely help the mushrooms break down wood and may protect them from diseases. This discovery shows that oyster mushrooms are not solitary organisms but rather complex ecosystems hosting beneficial bacterial partners.

Background

Few publications have reported the occurrence of bacteria associated with fungal cells. Previous literature described bacteria associated with only one strain of Pleurotus ostreatus, specifically from the Burkholderia cepacia complex. This study extends knowledge of bacterial-fungal relationships in oyster mushrooms.

Objective

To identify and characterize the biodiversity of bacteria associated with eight oyster mushroom strains originating from Poland, Japan, and the USA, and to assess their ability for nitrogen fixation and lignocellulolytic enzyme activity.

Results

Among 307 sequences obtained, 233 clones representing 34 bacterial genera were identified. The PUSAS strain from USA was dominated by E. coli (64 clones), while Japanese and Polish strains showed higher biodiversity with 15-32 different bacterial clones each. Curvibacter was the most frequently isolated genus across all strains except PUSAS. LMCO laccase-like genes were detected in all strains, but nitrogenase (Nif H), β-glucosidase, and β-xylanase genes were not detected.

Conclusion

Eight P. ostreatus strains harbor a diverse bacterial microbiota with at least 34 different genera, far exceeding previous reports. The presence of Curvibacter, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas suggests these bacteria may provide growth-promoting and protective functions. The detection of LMCO genes indicates bacterial support for the lignocellulolytic capabilities of oyster mushrooms.
  • Published in:Polish Journal of Microbiology,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: PMID: 31050255, DOI: 10.21307/pjm-2019-009
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