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Whole Genome Sequence of an Edible Mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata (Daqiugaigu)

Summary

Scientists have decoded the complete genetic blueprint of the wine cap mushroom (Stropharia rugosoannulata), a popular edible mushroom grown worldwide. The research identified over 12,000 genes and discovered the mushroom contains powerful enzymes that break down plant material, explaining why it grows so well on straw and corn stalks. The study also revealed that different parts of the mushroom (cap and stem) have different functions, with stems focusing on energy production and caps on growth and development.

Background

Stropharia rugosoannulata, known as Daqiugaigu in China, is a widely cultivated edible mushroom rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds. Despite its importance, molecular and genetic breeding studies have been limited due to lack of genomic information. This study presents the first high-quality whole genome sequence of this species.

Objective

To generate a comprehensive genome sequence of S. rugosoannulata and analyze its genetic features, evolutionary relationships, lignocellulose degradation capacity, and protein expression profiles across different fruiting body tissues.

Results

A 47.9 Mb genome with 20 contigs and N50 of 3.64 Mb was assembled, containing 12,752 protein-coding genes including 486 CAZyme-encoding genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed close relationships with Hypholoma sublateritium, Psilocybe cyanescens, and Galerina marginata. Proteomic analysis showed distinct protein expression profiles between cap and stipe tissues, with stipe associated with carbon metabolism and energy production, while cap showed higher fatty acid synthesis and mRNA splicing activity.

Conclusion

The high-quality genome of S. rugosoannulata provides valuable genetic resources for comparative genomic and evolutionary studies among Basidiomycetes. This resource will facilitate molecular breeding and alleviate bottlenecks in developing high-quality cultivars of this edible mushroom.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi (Basel),
  • Study Type:Genomic Sequencing and Analysis,
  • Source: PMID: 35205854, DOI: 10.3390/jof8020099
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