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Polyherbal nanoformulation: a potent antifungal agent on fungal pathogens of Coffea arabica

Summary

Researchers developed an eco-friendly nano-formulation from Triphala to fight fungal diseases that harm coffee plants. The treatment effectively stopped the growth of five different harmful fungi that infect coffee leaves. This green nanotechnology approach offers farmers a safer, environmentally friendly alternative to chemical fungicides that can pollute the environment and harm human health.

Background

Coffee is an important commercial crop affected by multiple fungal pathogens that reduce berry quality and quantity. Chemical fungicides are commonly used but cause environmental pollution and health risks. Green nanotechnology offers an eco-friendly alternative for controlling fungal pathogens.

Objective

To develop and evaluate a polyherbal nanoformulation (PHNF) synthesized using Triphala for antifungal activity against fungal pathogens isolated from infected Coffea arabica plants.

Results

Five fungal pathogens were identified: Cladorrhinum flexuosum, Rigidoporus vinctus, Mucor circinelloides, Mucor lusitanicus, and Nigrospora oryzae. PHNF effectively controlled radial growth of all fungal strains in a dose-dependent manner, with complete suppression at 12.5-25 μg/mL concentrations and significant inhibition even at 3.125 μg/mL.

Conclusion

PHNF demonstrates potent fungistatic and fungicidal properties against coffee plant pathogens. The synergistic effect of silver nanoparticles and phytocompounds in PHNF provides an effective alternative to chemical fungicides. Future field trials and commercialization as nanospray formulations could benefit farmers and support sustainable agriculture.
  • Published in:Discover Nano,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 10.1186/s11671-025-04236-4, PMID: 40146353
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