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Identification and growth-promoting effect of Paecilomyces lilacinus a biocontrol fungi for walnut rot disease

Summary

Researchers identified a beneficial fungus called Paecilomyces lilacinus that can fight walnut rot disease, which damages walnut crops especially in China’s Xinjiang region. This fungus is more environmentally friendly than chemical fungicides and actually boosts walnut plant growth, increasing seedling height and root development significantly. The study shows it could replace harmful chemical treatments while improving overall plant health.

Background

Walnut rot disease caused by Cytospora chrysosperma significantly impacts walnut production, particularly in Xinjiang. Current chemical fungicide treatments have led to drug-resistant pathogens and environmental concerns. This study explored biocontrol alternatives using antagonistic fungi isolated from walnut rhizosphere soil.

Objective

To identify and evaluate an antagonistic fungal strain for its inhibitory effects against walnut rot disease pathogens and assess its growth-promoting effects on walnut seeds and seedlings as a safer biocontrol alternative.

Results

Strain 5-38 was identified as Paecilomyces lilacinus with 78.71% inhibition rate against C. chrysosperma and demonstrated broad-spectrum activity against eight pathogenic fungi (70-85% inhibition). At 150 mg/ml concentration, the fermentation filtrate enhanced walnut seedling height by 30.12%, root length by 33.89%, lateral root number by 81.89%, leaf area by 6.83%, and dry weight by 98.26%.

Conclusion

P. lilacinus 5-38 represents a promising biological agent for walnut rot disease control with significant growth-promoting effects on walnut plants. The strain’s thermal stability and broad-spectrum antifungal activity make it a viable alternative to chemical fungicides, though optimal application concentration is critical for maximizing benefits.
  • Published in:PLoS One,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314160, PMID: 39642153
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