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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Dikaryotic Mycelia and Mature Fruiting Bodies in the Edible Mushroom Lentinula edodes

Summary

This research examined gene activity differences between the thread-like growing form (mycelium) and the mature mushroom form of shiitake mushrooms. Understanding these differences helps optimize mushroom cultivation and production of beneficial compounds. Impact on everyday life: – Better methods for growing shiitake mushrooms commercially – More efficient production of medicinal compounds from mushrooms – Improved nutritional value of cultivated mushrooms – Development of new mushroom varieties with enhanced properties – More sustainable and cost-effective mushroom farming techniques

Background

Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushroom) is the second most popular edible and medicinal mushroom globally in terms of economic value, particularly in East Asia. It contains many pharmaceutical compounds with antibacterial, antifungal, antitumor, antioxidant and immune-enhancing properties. Understanding gene expression differences between developmental stages is crucial for optimizing cultivation and beneficial properties.

Objective

To perform the first comparative transcriptome analysis of two developmental stages (dikaryotic mycelium and mature fruiting body) in commercially important Korean L. edodes strain using Illumina sequencing technology to explore gene expression during maturation at the genome level.

Results

De novo assembly revealed 11,675 representative transcripts. A total of 9,092 unigenes were annotated. Gene expression analysis identified 2,080 differentially expressed genes – 1,503 upregulated in mycelium and 577 in mature fruiting body. Fruiting body-specific transcripts were significantly enriched in replication/repair and transcription pathways. Several fruiting body-specific proteins were identified including aspartic protease, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and cyclohexanone monooxygenase.

Conclusion

The study provides the first comprehensive transcriptome comparison between mycelial and fruiting body stages in Korean L. edodes, revealing genes involved in fruiting body maturation. The identified differentially expressed genes provide valuable information for understanding molecular mechanisms of development and beneficial properties. This data will contribute to characterization of novel genes and improvement of L. edodes cultivation.
  • Published in:Scientific Reports,
  • Study Type:Transcriptome Analysis,
  • Source: 10.1038/s41598-018-27318-z
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