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A New Dihydrochromone Dimer and Other Secondary Metabolites from Cultures of the Marine Sponge-Associated Fungi Neosartorya fennelliae KUFA 0811 and Neosartorya tsunodae KUFC 9213

Summary

This research investigated compounds produced by two species of marine fungi found living in association with sea sponges. The scientists discovered a new chemical compound called paecilin E, along with several other known compounds. They tested these substances for their ability to kill harmful bacteria, particularly antibiotic-resistant strains. While most compounds were not effective, paecilin E showed promising activity against certain types of bacteria. Impacts on everyday life: – Provides new potential options for treating antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections – Demonstrates the value of marine organisms as sources of new medicines – Helps advance our understanding of natural chemical defenses in marine ecosystems – Could lead to development of new antibacterial drugs – Shows promise for addressing the growing problem of antibiotic resistance

Background

Marine-derived fungi have become an important source of bioactive natural products, offering unprecedented biodiversity and chemodiversity. The fungi of genus Neosartorya produce various bioactive metabolites including polyketides, isocoumarins, ergosterol analogs, meroditerpenes, and other compounds. These marine fungi often produce unique metabolites not found in their terrestrial counterparts.

Objective

To investigate secondary metabolites from the culture of Neosartorya fennelliae KUFA 0811, isolated from the marine sponge Clathria reinwardtii, and to reexamine metabolites from N. tsunodae KUFC 9213 for potential new natural antibiotics.

Results

A previously unreported dihydrochromone dimer, paecilin E (1), was isolated along with eleven known compounds from N. fennelliae. Nine previously reported metabolites were isolated from N. tsunodae. Paecilin E showed activity against S. aureus ATCC 29213 and E. faecalis ATCC 29212, while dankasterone A was effective against E. faecalis ATCC 29212 and VRE E. faecalis A5/102. Neither compound inhibited biofilm formation or showed synergistic effects with antibiotics.

Conclusion

The study identified a novel dihydrochromone dimer (paecilin E) and several known compounds from two marine-derived Neosartorya species. While most compounds lacked antibacterial activity, paecilin E and dankasterone A showed selective activity against certain Gram-positive bacteria. The diverse secondary metabolites produced by these fungi may have other biological activities worth investigating in future studies.
  • Published in:Marine Drugs,
  • Study Type:Chemical Isolation and Characterization,
  • Source: 10.3390/md15120375
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