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Role of Ligninolytic Enzymes of White Rot Fungi (Pleurotus spp.) Grown with Azo Dyes

Summary

This research investigated how certain mushroom species can break down harmful textile dyes using natural enzymes. The findings show potential for developing environmentally-friendly methods to treat textile industry wastewater. Key impacts: • Provides a natural alternative to chemical treatment of textile waste • Reduces environmental pollution from textile dyes • Offers cost-effective waste treatment solutions for industry • Demonstrates sustainable approaches to industrial waste management • Could lead to development of new eco-friendly industrial processes

Background

The technical textiles market is projected to reach 42.20 Million Metric Tons by 2020, with approximately 30% of applied reactive dyes being wasted due to dye hydrolysis. Around 15% of dyestuff is released into wastewater effluent by textile industries. Some azo dyes released in wastewater can be toxic or modified biologically into toxic/carcinogenic compounds. Modern synthetic dyes are chemically and photolytically stable and resistant to natural degradation.

Objective

To evaluate the potential of three Pleurotus species in degradation of textile dyes, assess different parameters including pH, ligninolytic enzyme activity, protein and sugar content during dye degradation, and analyze resultant products by HPTLC.

Results

P. florida showed the highest decolorization efficiency (>95%) for all three dyes at 20 ppm concentration. Laccase was found to be the major extracellular ligninolytic enzyme produced, with maximum activity observed on day 8. For 20 mg/l dye, laccase specific activity was 1-1.58 U/mg in P. ostreatus, 0.5-0.78 U/mg in P. sapidus and 1-1.92 U/mg in P. florida. HPTLC analysis indicated degradation of dyes into intermediate products.

Conclusion

The level of ligninolytic enzymes plays a major role in dye degradation, which is dependent on incubation time and fungal species. P. ostreatus was identified as the best fungal species for azo dye degradation and ligninolytic activity among the three studied organisms.
  • Published in:SpringerPlus,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research Study,
  • Source: 10.1186/s40064-016-3156-7
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