Content and Bioaccumulation of Nine Mineral Elements in Ten Mushroom Species of the Genus Boletus

Summary

This research analyzed the mineral content of ten different species of wild Boletus mushrooms from China to understand their nutritional value and ability to accumulate minerals from soil. The study reveals these mushrooms are excellent sources of essential minerals needed in human diet. Impacts on everyday life: • Identifies wild Boletus mushrooms as good dietary sources of essential minerals like phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and zinc • Helps consumers understand which parts of mushrooms (caps vs stems) contain higher concentrations of specific nutrients • Provides scientific basis for traditional use of wild mushrooms as nutritious food • Supports food safety by showing these mushrooms’ natural mineral accumulation patterns • Helps foragers and consumers make informed decisions about wild mushroom consumption

Background

Mushrooms are traditionally recognized as a valued source of nutrients and a popular delicacy in many countries for their rich contents in proteins, essential minerals, and low energy levels. Wild edible mushrooms consumption has been preferred to cultivated species for their indisputable flavor, texture, and medicinal properties. Macromycetes in nature play a major role in biogeochemical transformation of macro- and microelements essential to humans.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the contents of nine elements (Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, and Zn) in ten species of edible Boletus and the underlying soil to investigate the relationship between fruiting body and habitat.

Results

Boletus showed relative abundant contents of P, K, Fe, Mg, Ca, and Na and less of Zn, Cu, and Mn. Caps compared to stalks were enriched in P, K, Cu, Mg, and Zn, while stalks were enriched in Mn. Elements such as P and K were accumulated (BCF > 1), while Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, and Na were excluded (BCF < 1) in the fruiting bodies. High correlations were found between Cu, Mn, Ca, and Fe contents in mushrooms compared to corresponding soils.

Conclusion

From the nutritional point of view, these Boletus species could be considered as a potential dietary source of essential elements such as P, K, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe. Elements distribute differently between caps and stalks, with most nutrients concentrating in caps. The bioaccumulation of elements varies by species and is influenced by environmental conditions.
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