Mercury Bioaccumulation by Suillus bovinus Mushroom and Probable Dietary Intake with the Mushroom Meal

Summary

This research examined how the mushroom Suillus bovinus takes up and stores mercury from soil in forests across Poland. The study found that while these mushrooms do accumulate mercury from the soil, the levels remain low enough to be safe for human consumption. Impact on everyday life: – Provides assurance that wild mushrooms from unpolluted areas are safe to eat – Helps monitor environmental mercury pollution through mushroom analysis – Informs foragers about safe mushroom collection sites – Contributes to food safety guidelines for wild mushroom consumption – Demonstrates how organisms can be used to track environmental contamination

Background

Mercury is an important element to consider in food chain contamination, with increasing global concerns about anthropogenic emissions and environmental contamination. Studies have shown long-range transportation of mercury at a global scale and deposition of airborne anthropogenic mercury in remote regions. Mercury readily biomethylates into methylmercury which bioaccumulates up the food chain.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of accumulation and distribution of mercury in the fruiting bodies of Suillus bovinus mushroom collected from various locations in Poland, and to evaluate the probable dietary intake and potential health risks from consumption of these mushrooms.

Results

Mercury in mushroom caps varied from 0.10 ± 0.06 to 0.79 ± 0.40 mg kg−1 dry biomass and in stipes from 0.083 ± 0.028 to 0.51 ± 0.22 mg kg−1 dry biomass. The mean cap to stipe mercury content quotient ranged from 1.3 ± 0.2 to 2.6 ± 0.6. Soil mercury content varied from 0.015 ± 0.004 to 0.031 ± 0.019 mg kg−1 dry biomass. Bioconcentration factors ranged from 6.4 ± 2.2 to 45 ± 20 for caps and 3.8 ± 1.4 to 29 ± 11 for stipes.

Conclusion

S. bovinus collected from non-contaminated sites in Poland contained low mercury levels that varied spatially in both caps and stipes. The mushroom was found to be a moderate accumulator of mercury from less contaminated soils. Based on established limits for mercury intake from foods, consumption of S. bovinus does not pose toxicological concerns.
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