Current Status of Pesticide Effects on Environment, Human Health and its Eco-friendly Management as Bioremediation: A Comprehensive Review

Author: mycolabadmin
2022-08-17
View Source

Summary

This comprehensive review examines how pesticides affect our environment and health, while exploring natural solutions for cleaning up pesticide contamination. While pesticides are essential for protecting crops and controlling disease-carrying pests, their widespread use poses significant risks to human health and ecosystems. The research highlights how naturally-occurring bacteria, fungi, and plants can help break down harmful pesticides into less toxic substances, offering environmentally-friendly solutions to pesticide pollution. Key impacts on everyday life: – Helps farmers and gardeners understand the risks of pesticide use and safer alternatives – Provides information about potential health risks from pesticide exposure through food and environment – Offers hope for cleaning up contaminated soil and water using natural methods – Demonstrates the importance of proper pesticide handling and application – Shows how scientific advances can help solve environmental problems while maintaining food production

Background

Pesticides are chemical compounds used to control various pests in sectors like food, forestry, agriculture and aquaculture. While essential for crop protection and disease control, their extensive use has led to environmental contamination and health concerns. The World Health Organization categorizes pesticides based on their detrimental effects, emphasizing public health relevance.

Objective

This review aims to analyze and discuss pesticides with respect to their global scenarios, distribution, and environmental impacts. It examines potential uses of pesticides, their classification according to properties and toxicity, and their adverse effects on natural systems, human health, and preserved food products. Additionally, it explores eco-friendly management strategies for pesticide remediation.

Results

The review found that pesticides significantly impact soil and water ecosystems, plant growth and metabolism, and human health through various mechanisms including DNA damage, cancer development, allergies, and respiratory issues. Bioremediation approaches using microorganisms, plants, and algae showed promise in degrading pesticides into less toxic compounds. Bacterial degradation was identified as particularly effective, with various species capable of breaking down different types of pesticides.

Conclusion

While pesticides are crucial for agricultural productivity, their environmental and health impacts necessitate proper management strategies. Eco-friendly bioremediation approaches offer promising solutions for pesticide waste management. Further research is needed to identify more potent microbes, novel genes, and biotechnological applications to create sustainable pesticide management systems.

Published in:Frontiers in Microbiology,
Study Type:Review,
Source: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.962619