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Anthraquinones, Diphenyl Ethers, and Their Derivatives from the Culture of the Marine Sponge-Associated Fungus Neosartorya spinosa KUFA 1047

Summary

This research investigated compounds produced by a fungus found living in association with marine sponges. The scientists discovered several new chemical compounds that could help fight bacterial infections, particularly by preventing bacteria from forming protective biofilms. This work is important because it demonstrates how marine organisms can be sources of new medicines. Impacts on everyday life: • Provides potential new ways to fight antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections • Demonstrates the importance of preserving marine biodiversity as a source of new medicines • Offers possible alternatives to current antibiotics that bacteria have become resistant to • Could lead to new treatments for preventing bacterial biofilm formation in medical devices and implants

Background

Fungi are organisms with remarkable capacity to produce diverse secondary metabolites with biological and pharmacological activities. While terrestrial fungi have been extensively studied, marine-derived fungi have only gained attention in recent decades as important sources of bioactive compounds with potential for drug development.

Objective

To investigate secondary metabolites from the culture of N. spinosa KUFA 1047, isolated from a marine sponge Mycale sp., collected from the Samae San Island in the Gulf of Thailand. This represents the first study of secondary metabolites from a marine-derived N. spinosa.

Results

Eight compounds were isolated including three previously unreported compounds: acetylpenipurdin A (4), neospinosic acid (6), and spinolactone (7), along with five known compounds. Compound 7 showed antibacterial activity against E. faecalis B3/101. Compounds 5 and 6 significantly inhibited biofilm formation in several bacterial strains. Compound 8 demonstrated moderate anti-tyrosinase activity.

Conclusion

The marine-derived fungus N. spinosa KUFA 1047 produces diverse secondary metabolites with antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. The compounds showed more prominent effects on bacterial growth and biofilm formation than on enzyme inhibition. This study demonstrates the potential of marine-derived fungi as sources of novel bioactive compounds.
  • Published in:Marine Drugs,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.3390/md19080457
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