Molecular Phylogeny and Morphology of Amphisphaeria (= Lepteutypa) (Amphisphaeriaceae)

Summary

This research focuses on classifying and organizing different types of fungi within the Amphisphaeriaceae family. The scientists discovered that two groups of fungi (Amphisphaeria and Lepteutypa) that were previously thought to be separate are actually the same group. They also identified three new fungal species. This type of research helps us better understand fungal diversity and classification. Impacts on everyday life: – Helps scientists accurately identify and classify fungi that may be important for medicine or agriculture – Contributes to our understanding of fungal biodiversity and evolution – Provides foundation for future research on potentially useful fungal species – Helps track the distribution and spread of different fungal species – Enables better organization of scientific knowledge about fungi

Background

Amphisphaeriaceous taxa (fungi) are saprobes found on decaying wood in terrestrial, mangrove, and freshwater habitats. The generic boundaries within this family have traditionally been based on morphology, making genus delimitation challenging. Amphisphaeria species have clypeate ascomata and 1-septate ascospores with a coelomycetous asexual morph, while Lepteutypa was considered different due to having eutypoid stromata and multi-septate ascospores.

Objective

To evaluate the morphology and phylogeny of accepted species in Amphisphaeria and Lepteutypa, and determine if they represent distinct genera or should be synonymized based on holomorphic morphology and multigene phylogeny.

Results

The study found that there are no distinct morphological characteristics that reliably separate Amphisphaeria and Lepteutypa species. Both groups show overlapping features in terms of ascospore septation and other traits. Three new species (Amphisphaeria camelliae, A. curvaticonidia, and A. micheliae) were identified based on morphology and molecular phylogeny. The monotypic genus Trochilispora was synonymized under Hymenopleella and placed in Sporocadaceae.

Conclusion

Based on morphological and molecular evidence, Lepteutypa should be synonymized under Amphisphaeria as there are no reliable distinguishing characteristics between the two genera. The traditional separation based on eutypoid stromata and ascospore septation is not taxonomically significant at the generic level.
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