Characterization of γ-Cadinene Enzymes in Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinensis Provides Insight into Identification of Terpenoid Synthases

Summary

This research focuses on developing a new method to identify specific enzymes in medicinal mushrooms that produce valuable compounds. The findings make it easier to discover and study enzymes that create natural products with potential pharmaceutical applications. Impacts on everyday life: – Enables more efficient production of natural medicinal compounds – Could lead to new drug development from fungal sources – Improves our ability to harness beneficial compounds from mushrooms – May reduce costs of producing therapeutic compounds – Advances sustainable production of natural products

Background

Basidiomycetes are known for producing diverse terpenoids with unique structures, containing over 30,000 species and playing key roles in global carbon cycling and bioactive compound production. However, basidiomycetous terpene synthases remain largely unexplored due to cultivation difficulties and genetic complexity.

Objective

To provide a modeling method to obtain specific terpene synthases and accurately predict and identify γ-cadinene enzymes from Ganoderma lucidum and Ganoderma sinensis through bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation.

Results

Three γ-cadinene enzymes were accurately predicted and experimentally verified. Using the initial model as template, 67 homologous sequences were identified. Five selected sequences were verified experimentally, with 100% proving to be γ-cadinene enzymes. The models showed high similarity in conservative regions and demonstrated accurate prediction ability.

Conclusion

The study established an effective modeling method for identifying specific terpene synthases in basidiomycetes. The approach can be extended to study other terpenoid synthases with similar functions across basidiomycetes, ascomycetes, bacteria, and plants, providing rich enzyme resources for future research and applications.
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