Development of an Efficient Strategy to Improve Extracellular Polysaccharide Production of Ganoderma lucidum Using L-Phenylalanine as an Enhancer

Summary

This research discovered that adding the amino acid L-phenylalanine to mushroom cultures can significantly increase the production of beneficial polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum, an important medicinal mushroom. The enhancement works by making the cell walls more permeable, allowing better secretion of the compounds. Impacts on everyday life: – More efficient production of medicinal mushroom compounds could reduce costs of supplements – Improved manufacturing processes for natural pharmaceutical ingredients – Potential for developing new enhanced mushroom-based products – More sustainable and economical production of bioactive compounds – Better availability of immune-supporting natural products

Background

Ganoderma lucidum is an important medicinal mushroom known for producing bioactive polysaccharides with anticancer and immunomodulatory properties. Previous research using genome metabolic model iZBM1060 indicated L-phenylalanine could enhance extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production.

Objective

To investigate the effect of L-phenylalanine on G. lucidum extracellular polysaccharide production and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of enhancement.

Results

EPS production reached 0.91 g/L with 0.4 g/L L-phenylalanine added after 24h culture, representing a 62.5% increase compared to control. Transcriptome analysis showed upregulation of L-phenylalanine deaminase and benzoate 4-hydroxylase genes, while cell wall mannoprotein gene was downregulated. Cell wall thickness decreased by 58.58% and porosity increased with L-phenylalanine treatment. Contents of chitin and β-1,3-glucan were reduced by 15.44% and 11.97% respectively.

Conclusion

L-phenylalanine effectively enhanced EPS production in G. lucidum through modifying cell wall structure and increasing wall porosity. The strategy provides an economically feasible approach for improving fungal polysaccharide production with high output and low cost.
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