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Effects of Different Nitrogen Levels on Lignocellulolytic Enzyme Production and Gene Expression Under Straw-State Cultivation in Stropharia rugosoannulata

Summary

This research investigated how different nitrogen levels affect the ability of an edible mushroom (Stropharia rugosoannulata) to break down agricultural waste like straw. The study found that higher nitrogen levels help the mushroom grow better and produce more enzymes that break down plant material, while lower nitrogen levels activate different metabolic pathways. This has important real-world applications: • Helps farmers and mushroom growers optimize conditions for breaking down agricultural waste • Provides insights for more efficient composting and waste management practices • Could lead to better methods for converting plant waste into useful products • Improves understanding of sustainable agriculture practices • May help reduce agricultural waste and environmental pollution

Background

Stropharia rugosoannulata is an edible fungus used in environmental engineering to degrade straw in China. The fungus can utilize agricultural waste resources while producing economic value. Nitrogen and carbon metabolism are critical factors affecting mushroom growth, but the mechanism of how nitrogen regulates carbon metabolism in S. rugosoannulata remains unclear.

Objective

To understand how different nitrogen levels affect carbon metabolism in S. rugosoannulata using transcriptome analysis and to reveal the mechanisms regulating straw degradation under varying nitrogen conditions.

Results

The mycelia showed highest branching and rapid elongation at the highest nitrogen level (A3). Nitrogen metabolic enzyme activities were highest at the lowest nitrogen level (A1). Cellulase activities were highest in A3, while hemicellulase xylanase activity peaked in A1. Genes associated with CAZymes, starch/sucrose metabolism and MAPK signaling pathway showed highest expression in A3. The findings indicated that increased nitrogen levels upregulate carbon metabolism while suppressing nitrogen metabolism in S. rugosoannulata.

Conclusion

Nitrogen metabolism and carbon metabolism respond differently to varying nitrogen levels in S. rugosoannulata. Higher nitrogen levels inhibit nitrogen metabolism but induce carbon metabolism, especially cellulose metabolism. These findings improve understanding of how nitrogen regulates cellulase production during straw degradation in basidiomycetes, which can help optimize culture strategies for agricultural straw degradation.
  • Published in:International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.3390/ijms241210089
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