Performance of Wild-Serbian Ganoderma lucidum Mycelium in Treating Synthetic Sewage Loading Using Batch Bioreactor

Summary

This research demonstrates how mushroom-based technology can be used to clean wastewater more effectively than traditional methods. Scientists used mycelium (root-like structures) from the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum to remove pollutants from synthetic sewage. The treatment was particularly effective in acidic conditions and showed better results than conventional bacterial treatments. Impacts on everyday life: – Provides a more sustainable and natural way to treat domestic wastewater – Could lead to more efficient and cost-effective sewage treatment plants – Demonstrates potential for reducing water pollution using biological methods – Shows promise for developing environmentally friendly waste management solutions – Could help improve water quality in communities with limited treatment infrastructure

Background

Conventional sewage treatment plants face challenges in effectively treating wastewater with fluctuating characteristics, particularly in removing ammonia during nitrification and de-nitrification processes. Low sewage strength due to high infiltration of surface runoff can lead to ineffective treatment. While bacteria-based treatments dominate current processes, fungal-based treatments have shown promise as an alternative approach.

Objective

To evaluate the performance of pre-grown wild-Serbian Ganoderma lucidum mycelial pellets (GLMPs) in treating synthetic domestic wastewater under different conditions of initial pH and chemical oxygen demand (COD) to nitrogen ratios.

Results

The highest COD/N ratio (17.8:1) showed the best performance with 96.0% COD removal and 93.2% NH3-N removal. The fungi worked most efficiently in acidic conditions with pH between 2.5-3.5. Treatment time was shortest at initial pH 4. Morphological observations confirmed successful NH3-N adsorption by the fungal pellets, visible through increasing grey-pellet coloration and surface changes.

Conclusion

Wild-Serbian G. lucidum strain BGF4A1 demonstrated strong potential for removing pollutants from synthetic domestic wastewater, particularly at higher COD/N ratios and acidic pH conditions. The fungi showed superior performance compared to mixed culture systems, with faster treatment times and higher removal efficiencies.
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