A Review of Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharide: Preparations, Structures, Physicochemical Properties and Application

Author: mycolabadmin
2024-08-24
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Summary

This research reviews Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), important compounds found in medicinal mushrooms that have significant health benefits. The study examines how these compounds are extracted, their structure, and their various applications in health and medicine. Impacts on everyday life: • GLPs can be used in natural supplements and medicines to help fight cancer and boost immune system function • Understanding GLP structure and properties helps develop better quality control for medicinal mushroom products • The research supports development of more effective and affordable mushroom-based health products • This knowledge helps consumers make informed decisions about mushroom supplements • The findings contribute to developing new therapeutic applications for common health conditions

Background

Ganoderma lucidum (GL) is a group of fungi belonging to basidiomycete, widely distributed in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions. It contains various active constituents including triterpenes, polysaccharides, steroids, fatty acids, amino acids, nucleosides, proteins, alkaloids, and inorganic elements. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide (GLP) is one of the main bioactive substances in GL, with demonstrated anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, anti-cancer and other biological activities.

Objective

This review aims to comprehensively summarize the extraction and purification methods of GLP, analyze the relationship between structure and activity, examine qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, and provide valuable reference for further study of GLP. The review particularly emphasizes new methods for extraction, purification and analysis, the relationship between advanced structures and activity, and future applications and research directions.

Results

The review identified multiple extraction methods for GLP including water extraction, alkali extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, enzyme extraction, and newer methods like fermentation extraction and continuous phase transition extraction. Structure-activity relationships were found to be influenced by monosaccharide composition, glycosidic bonds, side chain composition, and molecular weight. Both traditional and novel analytical methods were evaluated for their effectiveness in GLP analysis.

Conclusion

While GLP shows significant promise in various applications, several challenges remain including water insolubility of some GLPs, limited understanding of advanced structures, resource scarcity, and variability in content across different species. Future research should focus on chemical modification techniques, advanced structural analysis, genetic breeding for improved strains, and development of comprehensive databases. The review suggests that exploring more green and efficient methods to obtain safe, large-quantity and high-purity GLPs remains a key focus for future research.

Published in:Foods,
Study Type:Review,
Source: 10.3390/foods13172665