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From purposeless residues to biocomposites: A hyphae made connection

Summary

Researchers developed eco-friendly packaging materials using mushroom mycelium and agricultural waste from fruit and sugar cane processing. Two native Colombian fungal species were grown on leftover fruit peels and bagasse to create lightweight, biodegradable composites. From just 50 kilograms of fruit peel waste, nearly 1,840 cups can be manufactured, offering a sustainable alternative to plastic packaging that naturally decomposes after use.

Background

Biocomposites from fungal mycelium represent an attractive alternative to petroleum-based polymers for packaging applications. Colombia generates approximately 73 million tons per year of agricultural residues, yet most remain underutilized. The country has high fungal biodiversity but limited biotechnological applications of native fungal species.

Objective

To develop mycelium-based biocomposites using two Colombian native fungal strains grown on a mixture of agricultural residues from different industries. The study aimed to characterize the morphological, chemical, and biodegradability properties of these novel biocomposites.

Results

P. ostreatus demonstrated superior colonization and hyphae penetration compared to T. elegans. SEM analysis revealed different hyphal morphologies with P. ostreatus having thinner filaments (2.5 μm) than T. elegans (3.1 μm). Biocomposites showed readily biodegradability with maximum biogas yield of 362.50 mL/g VS, with pressing reducing porosity and biodegradation rates.

Conclusion

Mycelium-based biocomposites derived from agricultural waste show promise as sustainable packaging alternatives. From 50 kg of Peach Palm Fruit Peel Flour, approximately 1,840 units of 80g cups can be manufactured, demonstrating significant waste valorization potential and supporting circular economy objectives.
  • Published in:Biotechnol Rep (Amst),
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 10.1016/j.btre.2023.e00807, PMID: 37448784
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