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Social acceptability of psilocybin-assisted therapy for existential distress at the end of life: A population-based survey

Summary

This study surveyed 2,800 Canadians about their views on using psilocybin (a psychedelic compound from certain mushrooms) to help patients with terminal illnesses manage existential distress and anxiety. About 79% of respondents thought it was a reasonable medical option, and 85% believed the government should cover the costs. People who had previous experience with psilocybin, those exposed to palliative care, and those with progressive political views were most supportive of this therapy.

Background

There is growing international interest in psilocybin-assisted therapy for treating existential distress in end-of-life patients, with clinical studies showing potential benefits. However, the social acceptability of this emerging therapy remains poorly understood. Canada has positioned itself at the forefront by amending its Special Access Program in January 2022 to enable healthcare professionals to request psilocybin for patients with serious or life-threatening conditions.

Objective

This study assesses the social acceptability of psilocybin-assisted therapy for treating existential distress at the end of life and identifies factors underlying perceptions, attitudes, and concerns of the general population in Canada.

Results

Overall, 79.3% of respondents considered psilocybin-assisted therapy a reasonable medical choice, 84.8% agreed public health systems should cover costs, and 63.3% supported legalization for medical purposes. Previous psilocybin use, exposure to palliative care, and progressive political orientation were significantly associated with more favorable attitudes. Only 18.7% were aware of Canada’s Special Access Program.

Conclusion

Social acceptability of psilocybin-assisted therapy for end-of-life existential distress is high in Canada, which may help mobilize resources and improve access to this emerging therapy in palliative care settings. The findings support ongoing efforts to implement psilocybin-assisted therapy within medico-legal and ethical frameworks and may influence policy decisions regarding end-of-life care.
  • Published in:Palliative Medicine,
  • Study Type:Cross-sectional Survey,
  • Source: PMID: 38253521, DOI: 10.1177/02692163231222430
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