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Quercetin hybrid-hydrogel microparticles modulate gut microbiota and improve memory in an antibiotic-induced dysbiosis rat model

Summary

A natural quercetin supplement formulated with fenugreek fiber was tested on rats with antibiotic-damaged gut bacteria. The supplement successfully restored healthy gut bacteria diversity, reduced gut inflammation, and improved memory performance. These benefits likely work through the gut-brain connection, where healthy bacteria produce beneficial chemicals that support brain function and reduce inflammation.

Background

Gut dysbiosis from antibiotic use disrupts microbial balance and impairs cognitive function through the microbiome-gut-brain axis. Quercetin is a flavonoid with neuroprotective properties, but poor bioavailability limits its therapeutic use. Fenugreek galactomannan-based hybrid hydrogels have shown potential for enhancing quercetin bioavailability.

Objective

To investigate whether a dietary fiber-based hybrid-hydrogel quercetin formulation (FQ-35) can restore gut microbiota diversity and improve cognitive performance in antibiotic-induced dysbiosis rat models. The study assessed effects on microbiota composition, gut barrier integrity, brain inflammation markers, and behavioral outcomes.

Results

FQ-35 significantly restored gut microbial diversity with enrichment of beneficial taxa (Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Clostridia). Memory function improved markedly in FQ-35-treated animals. ZO-1 expression was normalized and pro-inflammatory markers (TLR4, TNF-α, IL-1β) were downregulated. Intestinal histology showed restored epithelial integrity and reduced inflammatory infiltration.

Conclusion

FQ-35 demonstrates significant therapeutic potential for restoring gut-brain homeostasis by targeting the microbiome-gut-brain axis, enriching beneficial microbiota, enhancing gut barrier integrity, and reducing neuroinflammation, resulting in improved cognitive function in dysbiotic conditions.
  • Published in:Scientific Reports,
  • Study Type:Animal Study (Preclinical Research),
  • Source: PMID: 41286043, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-26608-7
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