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Cumulative exposure of xenobiotics of emerging concern from agrifood under the One Health approach (XENOBAC4OH)

Summary

This research programme examines how harmful chemicals from industry and agriculture accumulate in our food supply and environment. Scientists used a ‘One Health’ approach that considers impacts on humans, animals, and ecosystems together. They tested methods to measure chemical contamination in water and soil, studied how bacteria might break down pollutants, and investigated how different farming practices affect the safety of food crops like tomatoes.

Background

Anthropogenic activities including industrial processes, agriculture, and waste disposal have introduced xenobiotics and emerging contaminants (ECs) such as pharmaceuticals, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances into ecosystems. These compounds persist in the environment, bioaccumulate in organisms, and enter the food chain, posing significant risks to food safety and public health. Traditional remediation methods are often insufficient, prompting exploration of sustainable bio-based alternatives.

Objective

The research programme aims to harmonise methodologies for cumulative dietary risk assessment of xenobiotics across Europe and explore microbial strategies for xenobiotic degradation. By integrating microbiomics, toxicology, environmental science and food safety under the One Health framework, the project supports development of safer food systems and effective pollution management aligned with ‘farm to fork’ principles.

Results

The fellowship established a shared data pool of experimental and field data on emerging contaminants, generated results on EC concentrations in inland water sediments and soil, documented copper accumulation in plant tissues, and evaluated fertiliser impacts on tomato growth and potassium content. Results were disseminated through multiple international scientific presentations and contributed to advancing the One Health approach in risk assessment.

Conclusion

The EU-FORA fellowship programme successfully advanced cumulative risk assessment methodologies and One Health implementation by linking environmental and human health risk evaluation of contaminants. The integration of multidisciplinary expertise and structured data collection establishes foundations for sustained European collaboration in xenobiotic research and supports development of safer food production systems aligned with regulatory frameworks.
  • Published in:EFSA Journal,
  • Study Type:Research Programme/Fellowship Report,
  • Source: 10.2903/j.efsa.2025.e231104, PMID: 41404309
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