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Synthesis of Biogenic Hematite Nanocubes as Recyclable Dark Fenton-like Catalysts at Neutral pH and Plant Growth Applications of Degraded Waste Water

Summary

Scientists created tiny iron oxide cubes from lemon peel waste that can remove harmful dyes from industrial wastewater at neutral pH without needing UV light. These nanoparticles work as efficient catalysts and can be recycled multiple times. The cleaned water is safe enough to use for growing plants and shows good antimicrobial properties against harmful bacteria and fungi.

Background

Textile industry wastewater containing methylene blue dye poses significant environmental threats due to its carcinogenic and non-biodegradable properties. Traditional Fenton reactions require acidic conditions, causing metal leaching and sludge formation. Green synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles from biowaste offers environmentally friendly alternatives for water remediation.

Objective

To synthesize biogenic hematite nanocubes from lemon peel extract and evaluate their effectiveness as Fenton-like catalysts for methylene blue dye degradation at neutral pH. Additionally, to assess antimicrobial activity and the viability of treated wastewater for plant growth applications.

Results

Synthesized Fe2O3 nanocubes (40-70 nm) achieved 97% methylene blue degradation in 10 minutes under optimized conditions. Optimal parameters were pH 7, catalyst concentration 0.22 g/L, and H2O2 concentration 22 mM. The catalyst showed strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, complete fungal inhibition at 3000 μg/mL, and the treated wastewater supported normal wheat seed germination with improved biochemical parameters.

Conclusion

Green-synthesized hematite nanocubes function effectively as heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts at neutral pH without requiring UV radiation. The process is economically viable, environmentally sustainable, and demonstrates potential for practical wastewater remediation and agricultural reuse. Treated wastewater supports plant growth while maintaining ecological balance.
  • Published in:ACS Omega,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03798, PMID: 36530228
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