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The Antioxidant Properties of Mushroom Polysaccharides can Potentially Mitigate Oxidative Stress, Beta-Cell Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance

Summary

This research review explores how mushroom compounds called polysaccharides may help manage diabetes by reducing harmful stress on cells caused by high glucose levels. Scientists found that 104 different mushroom polysaccharides have anti-diabetic properties and can protect insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. These natural compounds show promise as a complementary treatment to conventional diabetes medications, potentially with fewer side effects than synthetic drugs.

Background

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic and endocrine disease affecting millions globally with serious health and financial implications. Synthetic antidiabetic drugs have significant negative effects, making natural polysaccharide alternatives increasingly attractive, particularly in developing nations. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in diabetes development and progression.

Objective

This systematic review examines the antioxidant properties of mushroom polysaccharides and their potential to mitigate oxidative stress-related signaling pathways, beta-cell dysfunction, and insulin resistance in diabetes mellitus management.

Results

104 different mushroom polysaccharides demonstrated antidiabetic effects. Studies showed these compounds reduce reactive oxygen and nitrogen species levels, improve pancreatic beta-cell function, enhance insulin signaling pathways via PI3K/Akt activation, and maintain blood glucose levels. Most polysaccharides exhibited antioxidant activity and reduced oxidative stress in preclinical investigations.

Conclusion

Mushroom polysaccharides show significant promise as antioxidant agents for diabetes management through reduction of mitochondrial ROS and oxidative stress pathways. Further research is necessary to confirm clinical efficacy and establish these compounds as complementary therapy for diabetes prevention and management.
  • Published in:Frontiers in Pharmacology,
  • Study Type:Systematic Review,
  • Source: PMID: 35600869, PMCID: PMC9117613
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