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Psychedelic use in Poland: prevalence, correlates and social attitudes

Summary

This study found that about 6% of Polish adults have tried psychedelic drugs like LSD or magic mushrooms, mostly young men in cities driven by curiosity. Most users took these substances at home and described mixed experiences. While negative attitudes toward psychedelics were common overall, people with meditation experience and previous psychedelic use had more positive views about their therapeutic potential.

Background

Recent years have witnessed renewed interest in psychedelic research for therapeutic purposes, particularly psilocybin and LSD in treating mental disorders. However, knowledge of their epidemiology, factors associated with recreational use, and public attitudes remains limited. This study examines psychedelic use patterns and societal perspectives in Poland.

Objective

To assess the prevalence of psychedelic use in the Polish adult population, examine patterns and practices of consumption, explore motivations behind use, evaluate the nature of experiences, and assess attitudes toward psychedelics and psychedelic-assisted therapy (PAT), including the role of meditation practice.

Results

Between 4-8% of Polish adults (approximately 2 million people) reported lifetime psychedelic use, with higher prevalence in men (8.8% vs 3.6%), ages 25-34, and urban residents. LSD and psilocybin mushrooms were most commonly used. Curiosity was the primary motivation (62%), with home being the typical setting (48%). Most experiences were described as mixed pleasant/unpleasant; 90% never experienced bad trips. Lower age and lifetime meditation practice predicted more positive attitudes toward psychedelics and PAT.

Conclusion

Approximately 6% of Polish adults, mostly young men in urban areas, reported using classic psychedelics. Negative attitudes toward psychedelics predominated (43%), though attitudes toward PAT were more indifferent (49%). Previous psychedelic experience, younger age, and meditation practice were associated with more positive attitudes. Educational efforts and further research are needed to support scientific exploration of PAT and shift public perceptions.
  • Published in:Postep Psychiatr Neurol,
  • Study Type:Cross-sectional Survey Study,
  • Source: 10.5114/ppn.2025.153566, PMID: 40959683
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