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Optimization of the Decolorization of the Reactive Black 5 by a Laccase-like Active Cell-Free Supernatant from Coriolopsis gallica

Summary

Textile factories produce large amounts of colored wastewater containing harmful dyes like Reactive Black 5. Researchers optimized an enzyme-based treatment using laccase from a fungus called Coriolopsis gallica to remove these dyes from water. By carefully balancing enzyme concentration, pH, temperature, and a chemical booster called HBT, they achieved 82% dye removal in just 2 hours, offering a cleaner and more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional chemical treatments.

Background

The textile industry generates large volumes of colored wastewater containing persistent toxic and carcinogenic dyes. Reactive Black 5 (RB5) is a recalcitrant azo dye commonly used in textile manufacturing. White-rot fungi like Coriolopsis gallica produce extracellular laccase enzymes capable of degrading various textile dyes.

Objective

To optimize the decolorization of Reactive Black 5 using laccase-like active cell-free supernatant from Coriolopsis gallica. Response surface methodology was employed to test five variables: laccase-like activity, dye concentration, redox mediator (HBT) concentration, pH, and temperature.

Results

Maximum decolorization of 82 ± 0.6% was achieved at optimized conditions: laccase-like activity 0.5 U mL⁻¹, dye 25 mg L⁻¹, HBT 4.5 mM, pH 4.2, and temperature 55°C after 120 minutes. The model showed R² = 89.78%, R²ₐ = 87.85%, and RMSE = 10.48%. Scale-up to 500 mL achieved 77.6 ± 0.4% decolorization within 2 hours.

Conclusion

Statistical design-of-experiments successfully identified key optimization parameters for RB5 decolorization, with laccase activity concentration and pH as the most critical factors. The crude laccase cell-free supernatant of Coriolopsis gallica efficiently decolorized RB5 with the HBT mediator system in 2 hours, providing a promising eco-friendly alternative to physicochemical textile wastewater treatments.
  • Published in:Microorganisms,
  • Study Type:Experimental Design Study,
  • Source: PMID: 35744655
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