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Novel Antimicrobial Activities of Albofungin, Albonoursin, and Ribonucleosides Produced by Streptomyces sp. Caat 5-35 Against Phytopathogens and Their Potential as a Biocontrol Agent

Summary

Scientists discovered that a soil bacterium called Streptomyces sp. Caat 5-35 produces natural compounds that can kill crop-damaging pathogens. These compounds, including albofungin and albonoursin, showed strong activity against diseases affecting cacao and palm crops. The bacterium also helps plants by breaking down cellulose and making phosphorus more available, making it a promising tool for natural crop protection without synthetic chemicals.

Background

Streptomyces species are recognized for producing diverse antimicrobial compounds and enzymes with applications in medicine and crop protection. This study focused on Streptomyces sp. Caat 5-35 isolated from Brazilian Caatinga biome soil, investigating its antagonistic potential against various phytopathogens.

Objective

To identify and characterize antimicrobial compounds produced by Streptomyces sp. Caat 5-35 and evaluate their biocontrol potential against phytopathogens including Phytophthora palmivora and other crop pathogens affecting cacao and oil palm.

Results

Caat 5-35 inhibited mycelial growth of six phytopathogens (19-73.3% MGI), with highest inhibition against P. palmivora, C. acutatum, and S. sclerotiorum. Novel anti-oomycete activities of albofungin, albonoursin, and chlorinated ribonucleosides were demonstrated. The strain produced cellulases and solubilized phosphates, and showed strong biocontrol effect on cacao pods inoculated with P. palmivora.

Conclusion

Streptomyces sp. Caat 5-35 is a promising source of natural antimicrobial products with multi-target activity against phytopathogens. The strain’s production of diverse bioactive compounds, combined with plant growth-promoting traits, demonstrates significant potential as a biological control agent for crop protection against oomycete and fungal diseases.
  • Published in:Molecules,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: PMID: 41515318, DOI: 10.3390/molecules31010021
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