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Isolation of Fungi from a Textile Industry Effluent and the Screening of Their Potential to Degrade Industrial Dyes

Summary

Researchers isolated six fungal strains from textile factory wastewater and tested their ability to remove industrial dyes. Two types of fungi, Emmia latemarginata and Mucor circinelloides, successfully broke down different synthetic dyes commonly used in textile production. The fungi produced specific enzymes that degraded the dyes, particularly when exposed to the dye itself or plant materials like wheat straw. These findings suggest these fungi could potentially be used to clean up colored wastewater from textile industries.

Background

Textile industry effluents contain approximately 280,000 tons of dyes discharged annually, with over 10,000 different textile dyes in common use. Synthetic dyes are persistent pollutants that are difficult to remove via conventional treatment systems. Filamentous fungi, particularly white-rot fungi, have shown potential for biodegradation of synthetic dyes through their ligninolytic enzyme systems.

Objective

To isolate fungal strains from textile industry effluent and evaluate their capacity to decolorize azo, indigo, and anthraquinone dyes. The study aimed to identify the strains, characterize their decolorization efficiency, and analyze their ligninolytic enzyme production profiles.

Results

Three strains were identified as Emmia latemarginata and three as Mucor circinelloides. All strains co-metabolized the test dyes with varying efficiency, achieving up to 100% decolorization of indigo and Remazol Brilliant Blue R. Emmia latemarginata strains were most efficient and produced versatile peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and lignin peroxidase when induced with AYG dye or wheat straw extract.

Conclusion

The isolated fungal strains, particularly Emmia latemarginata, demonstrate significant potential for decolorization of industrial textile dyes. These strains could serve as candidates for further biotechnological development for decontamination of industrial textile effluents, though further optimization and toxicity assessment of degradation products are necessary.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi (Basel),
  • Study Type:Experimental Study,
  • Source: PMID: 34682227, DOI: 10.3390/jof7100805
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