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Chitosan extraction from Amanita phalloides: yield, crystallinity, degree of deacetylation, azo dye removal and antibacterial properties

Summary

Scientists successfully extracted chitosan, a useful natural polymer, from the death cap mushroom (Amanita phalloides). This chitosan showed excellent ability to remove blue dye from water and killed harmful bacteria effectively. The extraction method was efficient and eco-friendly, making it a promising solution for cleaning polluted water and developing antibacterial products.

Background

Chitosan is a biopolymer derived from chitin known for its adsorption abilities for dyes, drugs, and fats, as well as diverse antibacterial characteristics. This study explores the extraction and characterization of chitosan from the mycelium of Amanita phalloides, a fungal source not commonly utilized for chitosan production.

Objective

To extract and characterize chitosan from Amanita phalloides mycelium, determining its physicochemical properties including yield, crystallinity, degree of deacetylation, and to evaluate its antibacterial properties and adsorption capabilities for methylene blue dye removal using Response Surface Methodology.

Results

The extracted chitosan exhibited a yield of 70%, crystallinity of 49.07%, degree of deacetylation of 86%, water binding capacity of 671%, and fat binding capacity of 253%. Maximum methylene blue dye removal was 91.6% at pH 6, MB concentration of 15.99 ppm, and reaction time of 60 minutes. Chitosan demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with inhibition zones increasing with concentration.

Conclusion

The chitosan extraction from A. phalloides demonstrates a cost-effective, eco-friendly, and biodegradable approach for wastewater treatment. The fungal-derived chitosan shows high efficacy in methylene blue dye removal and antibacterial applications, suggesting significant potential for environmental remediation and health-related applications.
  • Published in:Frontiers in Chemistry,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1353524, PMID: 38961857
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