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Isolation of Actinobacteria from Date Palm Rhizosphere with Enzymatic, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Protein Denaturation Inhibitory Activities

Summary

Researchers isolated bacteria called actinobacteria from soil around date palm roots in Algeria’s Sahara Desert. One promising strain, Streptomyces sp. SGI16, was found to produce multiple enzymes and compounds with strong antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. These findings suggest desert microorganisms could be valuable sources for developing new medicines and agricultural products.

Background

Actinobacteria are Gram-positive filamentous bacteria known for producing approximately 70% of natural compounds used clinically. Arid ecosystems like the Algerian Sahara represent promising sources for discovering new bioactive molecules from actinomycetes with potential biotechnological applications.

Objective

To isolate and characterize actinobacteria from the rhizosphere of Phoenix dactylifera L. in the Ghardaia desert region of Algeria, and to evaluate their enzymatic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and protein denaturation inhibitory activities.

Results

Eighteen actinobacteria isolates were obtained, with all showing cellulase and catalase activity. Isolate SGI16, identified as Streptomyces sp., exhibited significant antioxidant power (IC50 = 7.24 ± 0.21 μg mL−1) and protein denaturation inhibitory capacity (IC50 = 492.41 ± 0.47 μg mL−1), along with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against multiple bacteria and fungi.

Conclusion

Date palm rhizosphere actinobacteria from the Ghardaia desert represent valuable sources of bioactive molecules with significant biotechnological potential for pharmaceutical, industrial, and agricultural applications. The Streptomyces sp. SGI16 isolate shows promising potential for further development and purification of bioactive compounds.
  • Published in:Biomolecules,
  • Study Type:Original Research,
  • Source: PMID: 39858459, DOI: 10.3390/biom15010065
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