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Insights into the Mechanisms and Functional Effects of Insoluble Dietary Fiber Modification: A Review

Summary

Insoluble dietary fiber is important for digestive health but its rigid structure limits its usefulness in processed foods and medicine. Scientists can modify this fiber using various techniques like heating, pressure, enzymes, and chemicals to make it more effective. When combined properly, these modification strategies can dramatically improve dietary fiber’s ability to lower cholesterol, control blood sugar, and promote beneficial gut bacteria, making it valuable for functional foods and health applications.

Background

Insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) is an essential component of human diet with unique physicochemical properties and physiological functions. However, its poor solubility and rigid structure limit its high-value applications in refined food formulations and pharmaceutical carriers. Modification technologies have emerged as key strategies for enhancing the functional properties of IDF and expanding its applications.

Objective

This review systematically summarizes the latest advances in IDF modification technologies, emphasizing how different modification strategies regulate the multilevel structure of IDF to improve its physicochemical properties and physiological functions. The aim is to provide theoretical guidance for selecting and optimizing IDF modification strategies for high-value utilization of agricultural processing by-products.

Results

Combined modification strategies demonstrate synergistic benefits; for example, high-pressure hydrostatic pressure-assisted cellulase treatment of potato fiber increases soluble dietary fiber by 63.37% and enhances cholesterol and glucose adsorption by 92.70% and 50.70% respectively. Microwave-assisted enzymatic treatment of millet bran raises intestinal fermentation rate from 36% to 59% and doubles butyrate production, significantly enhancing prebiotic activity.

Conclusion

Modified IDF serves multiple applications including low-calorie fat replacer, ingredient in plant-based meat products, pharmaceutical carrier, and gut microecology regulator. The review provides theoretical guidance for selecting and optimizing IDF modification strategies to promote high-value utilization of agricultural by-products and development of high-quality dietary fiber products.
  • Published in:Foods,
  • Study Type:Review,
  • Source: 41517104
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