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The protecting role of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on the retinal neurovascular units in rats with retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury

Summary

This research demonstrates that polysaccharides extracted from Ganoderma lucidum mushrooms can protect rat retinas from damage caused by blocked and then restored blood flow. The treatment reduced cell death, decreased harmful oxidative stress, reduced inflammation-like responses from support cells, and improved retinal electrical function. These findings suggest that Ganoderma lucidum could potentially be developed as a therapeutic option for eye diseases like glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy where blood flow to the retina is compromised.

Background

Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) injury is a common mechanism in ocular diseases including glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. The retinal neurovascular unit (NVU) comprises neurons, glial cells, and vascular components that work together to maintain retinal function. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) have demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in various disease models.

Objective

This study investigates the protective mechanisms of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides on retinal neurovascular units in a rat model of retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. The research focuses on examining effects on oxidative stress, glial activation, vascular dysfunction, and functional recovery.

Results

GLP at 70 mg/kg significantly attenuated retinal thinning and reduced apoptosis. GLP at 140 mg/kg upregulated Nrf2 and HO-1 expression, increased SOD activity, and decreased MDA content. GLP enhanced ERG amplitudes, decreased GFAP and IBA-1 expression, reduced vascular tortuosity, and improved capillary perfusion density.

Conclusion

Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides counteract oxidative stress injury, inhibit reactive gliosis, suppress neovascularization, and stabilize endothelial junctions in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. GLP demonstrates protective effects on retinal neurovascular unit function through multiple signaling pathways, suggesting potential therapeutic applications for RIR-associated ocular diseases.
  • Published in:Scientific Reports,
  • Study Type:Experimental Animal Study,
  • Source: PMID: 41315487, DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-26957-3
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