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Insights on Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 Responses to HCH Isomers: Tolerance, Degradation, and Dynamics on Potential lin Genes Expression

Summary

This research examined how a type of cyanobacteria called Anabaena can help clean up contaminated areas by breaking down different forms of a harmful pesticide called HCH. The scientists found that Anabaena handles some forms of HCH better than others, completely eliminating certain types while only partially breaking down others. This discovery suggests that Anabaena could potentially be used in environmental cleanup projects to remove HCH pollution from water and soil.

Background

Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) was extensively used as a pesticide until the 1990s, generating significant environmental contamination with multiple stereoisomers. While microbial-driven biodegradation of gamma-HCH (lindane) has been studied, information concerning other HCH isomers remains limited. The cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 has shown effectiveness at removing lindane, making it a potential bioremediation candidate.

Objective

This study focused on investigating the physiological responses, tolerance, and degradation capabilities of Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 to alpha-, beta-, and delta-HCH isomers, which comprise the majority of HCH found in contaminated dumpsites. The research also examined potential lin gene expression dynamics in response to these compounds.

Results

Anabaena tolerated alpha- and gamma-HCH well with minimal growth impact, while beta- and delta-HCH negatively affected growth and cell physiology. Both alpha- and gamma-HCH were completely eliminated from supernatants, while beta- and delta-HCH were only partially eliminated. The linC gene showed twofold increased expression in the presence of alpha- and gamma-HCH at 2 mg/mL.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 effectively responds to and degrades alpha- and gamma-HCH isomers, supporting its potential use in bioremediation of HCH-contaminated environments. The findings reveal differential tolerance and degradation pathways for various HCH isomers, with linC expression induction offering potential biosensor applications.
  • Published in:MicrobiologyOpen,
  • Study Type:Experimental Laboratory Study,
  • Source: PMID: 41328710, DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.70105
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