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In Vitro Prebiotic Potential of Opuntia humifusa Leaf Extract and Its Active Constituent

Summary

Researchers studied a traditional Korean plant called Opuntia humifusa to determine if it could act as a prebiotic—a food component that promotes the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. They found that leaf extracts, particularly when prepared with 60% ethanol, effectively stimulated the growth of Lactobacillus bacteria. The active ingredient was identified as a compound called isorhamnetin glycoside, which could make this plant a natural ingredient for functional foods designed to support digestive and overall health.

Background

Opuntia humifusa (Cheon-nyun-cho) has been traditionally used for antioxidant, laxative, and immune-boosting properties. However, its potential prebiotic activity remains largely unexplored. Recent research has expanded the understanding of prebiotics beyond non-digestible fibers to include plant-derived compounds with specific health benefits through microbiome interactions.

Objective

To evaluate the prebiotic potential of O. humifusa leaf and fruit extracts by assessing their effects on Lactobacillus species growth. The study aimed to isolate and identify bioactive compounds responsible for prebiotic effects and optimize extraction conditions for standardization.

Results

Lactobacillus paracasei KCTC 12576 showed the most pronounced response to extracts, with ethanol extracts more effective than water extracts and leaf extracts superior to fruit extracts. The major compound was identified as isorhamnetin 3-O-β-D-(6-O-α-L-rhamnosyl)glucoside at 0.33 mg/g in 60% ethanol leaf extract. Both the glycosylated compound and its aglycone isorhamnetin enhanced bacterial viability, with the glycosylated form showing slightly superior efficacy.

Conclusion

O. humifusa leaf extract, particularly the 60% ethanol extract, demonstrates significant prebiotic potential through its isorhamnetin glycoside content. The standardized extract may serve as a promising natural prebiotic ingredient for functional foods and synbiotic formulations aimed at promoting gut health.
  • Published in:Molecules,
  • Study Type:In Vitro Study,
  • Source: 40807300
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